林政 C

106	近世琉球期の多良間島における森林管理の展開とその特徴
知念良之（鹿大院連農），芝　正己	18世紀中葉に首里王府によって仕立てられた「抱護林」が現存する多良間島は，集落景観や風水の観点からの研究は行われているが, 近世琉球期の森林管理に関する研究は殆ど行われていない。そこで本報では，布達文書や往復文書，家譜等の分析により，島内の森林管理や近隣の島々との木材流通について考察した。薩摩藩侵攻以前の古琉球期の多良間島は，森林に乏しく西表島や石垣島，または伊良部島等から木材を移入していた。近世琉球期以降，首里王府の先島地域に対する支配強化が図られ，これらの島々の森林資源は公船用材を目的とした伐採により急速に劣化していった。18世紀中葉には琉球国全体で杣山の境界測量や森林造成が実施された。多良間島の杣山面積は僅かであったが，首里王府により地元船の船具負担や，与那国島のように漂着船の補修用材供給を目的としたリュウキュウマツの造林が指示された。

106

近世琉球期の多良間島における森林管理の展開とその特徴

知念良之
（鹿大院連農），芝　正己

18世紀中葉に首里王府によって仕立てられた「抱護林」が現存する多良間島は，集落景観や風水の観点からの研究は行われているが, 近世琉球期の森林管理に関する研究は殆ど行われていない。そこで本報では，布達文書や往復文書，家譜等の分析により，島内の森林管理や近隣の島々との木材流通について考察した。薩摩藩侵攻以前の古琉球期の多良間島は，森林に乏しく西表島や石垣島，または伊良部島等から木材を移入していた。近世琉球期以降，首里王府の先島地域に対する支配強化が図られ，これらの島々の森林資源は公船用材を目的とした伐採により急速に劣化していった。18世紀中葉には琉球国全体で杣山の境界測量や森林造成が実施された。多良間島の杣山面積は僅かであったが，首里王府により地元船の船具負担や，与那国島のように漂着船の補修用材供給を目的としたリュウキュウマツの造林が指示された。

107	熱帯アジアのコミュニティーフォレストの制度の比較分析
加賀初音（九大21CP），百村帝彦	熱帯アジアでは人口増加や経済発展が要因となり、森林劣化・減少が生じていた。その対策として、住民参加型の森林管理であるコミュニティーフォレスト（以下、CF）が政策に組み込まれてきた。ネパールでは、1980年頃にCF制度が導入されたため制度も確立し、森林減少だけでなく住民の経済的自立の手段としても注目されてきた。一方、カンボジアでは2000年代に政府がCFを森林政策の一部に組み込み、CFに関連する法整備が進められてきたが、国土に占めるCF率は未だに低い等、課題も残っている。両国において、CF制度の内容や住民に与えられる権限は大きく異なっている。本研究では、文献レビューに基づき、CFの導入が早かったネパールと後発であったカンボジアの制度および実施面での課題点を明らかにするとともに、その比較分析をおこなう。

107

熱帯アジアのコミュニティーフォレストの制度の比較分析

加賀初音
（九大21CP），百村帝彦

熱帯アジアでは人口増加や経済発展が要因となり、森林劣化・減少が生じていた。その対策として、住民参加型の森林管理であるコミュニティーフォレスト（以下、CF）が政策に組み込まれてきた。ネパールでは、1980年頃にCF制度が導入されたため制度も確立し、森林減少だけでなく住民の経済的自立の手段としても注目されてきた。一方、カンボジアでは2000年代に政府がCFを森林政策の一部に組み込み、CFに関連する法整備が進められてきたが、国土に占めるCF率は未だに低い等、課題も残っている。両国において、CF制度の内容や住民に与えられる権限は大きく異なっている。本研究では、文献レビューに基づき、CFの導入が早かったネパールと後発であったカンボジアの制度および実施面での課題点を明らかにするとともに、その比較分析をおこなう。

108	Use of Social Network Analysis in non-timber forest products Identification: Case study of Hampangen Peatland Forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.
Francisca Kilonzi （長大環境科学），太田貴大、門司和彦	The objective of this research was to identify the stakeholders and the non-timber forest products obtained from the Hampangen education forest（HEF）for sustainability. To collect data, questionnaires were administered and interviews conducted to respondents of Hampangen village, Luwuk Kanaan village and Bukit Batu village neighboring HEF. The respondents were asked to mention whom they relate to in regard to the HEF restoration activities and to mention the non-timber forest products available in HEF. The listed members were categorized into different groups to obtain the list of stakeholders. From the findings, the identified key stakeholders were the NGOs, Forestry Ministry, the Government and the community comprising of fishermen, farmers and small business entrepreneurs. The non-timber forest products included both regulating, cultural and provisioning services. Medicinal herbs, tannin, resins, traces of gold mines, wild fruits, rattan, various tree seedlings, birds for aesthetic beauty, fish among others were identified in the forest. Our research has shown that various stakeholders have a role to play in peat land forest products use. Their various roles contribute to resilience of the forest ecosystem and enhancement of the forest products. These results shall be the basis for the drawing of visual social network analysis in our ongoing research.

108

Use of Social Network Analysis in non-timber forest products Identification: Case study of Hampangen Peatland Forest in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Francisca Kilonzi
（長大環境科学），太田貴大、門司和彦

The objective of this research was to identify the stakeholders and the non-timber forest products obtained from the Hampangen education forest（HEF）for sustainability. To collect data, questionnaires were administered and interviews conducted to respondents of Hampangen village, Luwuk Kanaan village and Bukit Batu village neighboring HEF. The respondents were asked to mention whom they relate to in regard to the HEF restoration activities and to mention the non-timber forest products available in HEF. The listed members were categorized into different groups to obtain the list of stakeholders. From the findings, the identified key stakeholders were the NGOs, Forestry Ministry, the Government and the community comprising of fishermen, farmers and small business entrepreneurs. The non-timber forest products included both regulating, cultural and provisioning services. Medicinal herbs, tannin, resins, traces of gold mines, wild fruits, rattan, various tree seedlings, birds for aesthetic beauty, fish among others were identified in the forest. Our research has shown that various stakeholders have a role to play in peat land forest products use. Their various roles contribute to resilience of the forest ecosystem and enhancement of the forest products. These results shall be the basis for the drawing of visual social network analysis in our ongoing research.

109	The NTFPs movement in Lao PDR.
Vatthanatham Southida （九大生資環）,百村帝彦	Non-Timber Forest Products （NTFPs） management is one of key coping strategies to lift out the poverty for local livelihood for Lao PDR. Due to many rural people faced rice shortage, particularly local people in the mountainous area where have limited access to market and were relied on NTFPs as the main income source for subsistence and selling. This study aimed to identify problems and understanding of NTFP movement in Laos through extensive literature reviews. The results can be summarized that since 1995 till 2006 many projects and researchers studied and paid attention on NTFP extremely focused on the values of NTFP for local livelihoods. Between 2006 and 2010, only few researchers worked on how to develop NTFP to better choice on market demands. And since 2010 until now, there is no research and reports available on NTFP studies. Our study can be realized that the number of studies on NTFP were recognized the important of NTFP contributed to rural livelihood in Lao PDR. We recommend that recent researchers should focused on how to standardize the value of NTFP and contribute to develop policies and governance to better use of forest resources without negative impacts to NTFP resources.

109

The NTFPs movement in Lao PDR.

Vatthanatham Southida
（九大生資環）,百村帝彦

Non-Timber Forest Products （NTFPs） management is one of key coping strategies to lift out the poverty for local livelihood for Lao PDR. Due to many rural people faced rice shortage, particularly local people in the mountainous area where have limited access to market and were relied on NTFPs as the main income source for subsistence and selling. This study aimed to identify problems and understanding of NTFP movement in Laos through extensive literature reviews. The results can be summarized that since 1995 till 2006 many projects and researchers studied and paid attention on NTFP extremely focused on the values of NTFP for local livelihoods. Between 2006 and 2010, only few researchers worked on how to develop NTFP to better choice on market demands. And since 2010 until now, there is no research and reports available on NTFP studies. Our study can be realized that the number of studies on NTFP were recognized the important of NTFP contributed to rural livelihood in Lao PDR. We recommend that recent researchers should focused on how to standardize the value of NTFP and contribute to develop policies and governance to better use of forest resources without negative impacts to NTFP resources.